Session Management Issues
Category: Authentication & Authorization
Severity: High
Description
Problems with session handling, including session hijacking, fixation, and inadequate session termination, enabling attackers to compromise user sessions and gain unauthorized access.
Technical Details
Attack Vector
- Session hijacking attacks
- Session fixation vulnerabilities
- Inadequate session termination
- Session validation weaknesses
Common Techniques
- Session token theft
- Session fixation
- Session prediction
- Session replay attacks
Impact
- Session Hijacking: Unauthorized access to user sessions
- Account Takeover: Control over user accounts through session compromise
- Persistent Access: Long-term access through session manipulation
- Privacy Violation: Access to sensitive user data and actions
Detection Methods
Session Monitoring
- Monitor session creation and usage
- Track session anomalies
- Detect session hijacking
- Analyze session patterns
Token Analysis
- Monitor session token usage
- Track token generation
- Detect token manipulation
- Analyze token patterns
Mitigation Strategies
Session Security
- Implement secure session management
- Use secure session tokens
- Deploy session validation
- Monitor session usage
Token Protection
- Implement token security
- Use token rotation
- Deploy token validation
- Monitor token usage
Real-World Examples
Example 1: Session Fixation
def login(username, password, session_id=None):
# Session fixation vulnerability
if session_id:
session = get_session(session_id)
else:
session = create_session()
if authenticate_user(username, password):
session.user_id = username
return session
# Attack: Attacker provides session_id, then uses it after login
Example 2: Inadequate Session Termination
def logout(session_id):
# Inadequate session cleanup
session = get_session(session_id)
session.active = False
# Session data remains accessible
# Should: delete_session(session_id)
Example 3: Session Prediction
def create_session():
# Predictable session token generation
timestamp = int(time.time())
session_id = f"session_{timestamp}"
# Attack: Predict session tokens based on timing
# Should use: secure_random_token()
References & Sources
- Equixly - “MCP Servers: The New Security Nightmare”
- Philippe Bogaerts - “The Security Risks of Model Context Protocol (MCP)”
Related TTPs
Session management issues represent a critical vulnerability that can lead to complete account compromise and unauthorized access.